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class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="sqq" title="分享到QQ好友"></a> <a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空間"></a> </div> <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{"tag":"share_1","bdSize":32,"bdCustomStyle":"http://ats.taiwan.cn/homepage2021/css/bgBdShare2021.css"}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div> </div> <div id="bdShareBtn"></div> </div>  </div> <div class="contentArea"> <div class=TRS_Editor><p>　　9月27日，國家文物局在京召開“考古中國”重大項目進展工作會，通報了山東沂水跋山遺址、河南魯山仙人洞遺址、四川稻城皮洛遺址等3項重要考古成果。這些新發現是關於人類起源、舊石器時代東西方人群遷徙、文化交流的重要成果，目前考古工作仍在進行中。</p> <p>　　<strong>發現面積最大的舊石器時代遺址</strong></p> <p>　　四川稻城皮洛遺址，是在川西高原發現的一處大型舊石器時代曠野遺址。考古發掘從七個文化層中出土石製品6000余件。該遺址最重大的發現是數量豐富、形態規整、技術成熟的手斧和薄刃斧。</p> <p>　　據北京青年報記者了解，皮洛遺址是迄今青藏高原發現面積最大、地層保存最完好、堆積連續、文化類型豐富多樣的舊石器時代遺址，填補了該地區乃至青藏高原舊石器時代考古的一項空白，將有力推動早期人類對青藏高原的開發過程、早期人類適應高海拔環境的能力和探索東亞手斧的分佈與源流、東西方人群遷徙與文化交流等重大學術問題研究。</p> <p>　　<strong>目前中國發現最早的磨制骨器出土</strong></p> <p>　　山東沂水跋山遺址，是一處舊石器時代中期曠野遺址，目前已揭露出8個文化層，發掘出石製品、骨牙角製品及動物化石5000余件，揭露出1處人類活動面、3處用火遺跡。石製品類型豐富，具有中國北方小石片技術體系的鮮明特點。</p> <p>　　骨牙角製品包括用動物肢骨、象牙和鹿角磨制的錐形器、鏟形器，這是目前中國發現最早的磨制骨器，其中一件用象門齒製成的大型鏟形器規整罕見。動物化石種類包括象、原始牛、赤鹿等，出現大象等動物化石集中埋藏的現象。</p> <p>　　跋山遺址包含多個連續的文化層位，出土豐富的古人類遺物遺跡，對於建立我國東部舊石器時代中期文化序列，論證中國-東亞人類的連續演化，研究當時人類的技術特點、生產生活方式和生存環境背景，具有重大價值與意義。</p> <p>　　<strong>發現距今3.2萬年人類頭骨化石殘塊</strong></p> <p>　　河南魯山仙人洞遺址，是一處舊石器時代中晚期洞穴遺址，共發現兩處緊鄰的洞穴，目前僅對I號洞進行了發掘。該洞穴保留珍貴的原生堆積，可清楚地劃分為8層，其中至少3層出土人類遺存。該遺址的最重大發現，是在上部地層出土人類頭骨化石殘塊和數十枚人類牙齒。對兩件人類頭骨殘塊所做的初步年齡測定，得出距今3.2萬年、1.2萬年的數據，其中距今3.2萬年的骨塊來自額骨，厚度在現代人變異範圍之內。對這批人類化石更詳盡的年代測定、形態分析和古DNA、古蛋白分析目前正在進行中。</p> <p>　　該遺址出土的人類化石及相關材料，對於研究中國-東亞早期現代人群的演化過程和特點，分析該地區舊石器時代文化的連續發展和當時人類的文化特點、適應生存方式和古環境背景，解決有關現代人起源與演化的相關爭論，提供了非常重要的材料和資訊。</p></div> <div class="editor f14">[責任編輯：李丹]</div> </div>  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