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<p>　　在此前研究中，科研人員運用中子活化方法，證實了這些鐵隕石的成分一致，內部礦物岩石結構相同，同屬於異常型的IIIE類鐵隕石，是同一次隕石隕落事件的結果。2016年，國際隕石學會將它們命名為阿勒泰IIIE異常型鐵隕石。</p> <p>　　“阿勒泰鐵隕石隕落帶總長達430千米，從新疆木壘縣沿西北方向一直貫穿至阿勒泰市郊小東溝附近，遠遠超過了常見的幾千米至幾十千米的普通隕落帶。”論文的共同通訊作者、中國科學院紫金山天文臺行星科學和深空探測研究部研究員徐偉彪介紹。</p> <p>　　這條隕落帶到底所來何處？2020年起，研究人員結合岩石礦物學、地球化學、數值模擬等多種手段，對阿勒泰隕落帶的形成機制進行了數值模擬研究。</p> <p>　　研究表明，隕落帶是由一顆重量為280—3440噸的小行星以每秒12—15千米的速度，從東南向西北方向，以6.5—7.3度的入射角闖入地球大氣層後落地形成的。</p> <p>　　“我們模擬了幾千種小行星重量、速度和入射角的數據組合，最終計算出這些數據區間。其中最特別的是入射角度，如果角度再大一些，小行星就直接砸入大氣層，在大氣層發生空爆，那麼隕石落地的分佈帶就不會這麼長。如果入射角度再小一點，小行星就難以進入大氣層，會被彈回太空。現在的入射角度就像打水漂一樣，隕石碎片可以漂得很遠。”徐偉彪解釋。</p> <p>　　科研團隊認為，模擬結果較好地解釋了阿勒泰鐵隕石的分佈特徵，此次研究建立了近地小行星進入地球大氣層的動力學軌道演化模型，創新性提出小行星低仰角撞擊的“打水漂”式軌道隕落機制，揭示了迄今全球最長的阿勒泰隕落帶形成之謎，為近地小行星撞擊危險走廊的高精度判別構建了新方法。</p></div> <div class="editor f14">[責任編輯：李丹]</div> </div>  <div class="page-number"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(1, 0, "t20220628_12447873", "htm"); </script> </div>  </div>   <div class="content-plus"> <div class="wrap"> <h3 class="zone-desc-content"><span 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