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<script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{"tag":"share_1","bdSize":32,"bdCustomStyle":"http://ats.taiwan.cn/homepage2021/css/bgBdShare2021.css"}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div> </div> <div id="bdShareBtn"></div> </div>  </div> <div class="contentArea"> <div class=TRS_Editor><div class="Custom_UnionStyle"> <p align="justify">　　<strong>證券時報記者王君暉</strong></p> <p align="justify">　　中美貿易摩擦漸成常態，美國對中興通訊的晶片封鎖讓我們不得不重新審視自身的技術和創新水準。一時間，網路上關於中國企業創新能力不足的指責紛紛颺颺，呼籲減少資本運作，加強研發投入，鼓勵創新，重點發展硬科技的聲音不絕於耳。這些聲音體現了社會和公眾在面對外部衝擊時的反省，而當一種聲音成為更大範圍的共識時，也就意味著我們經濟發展模式以及作為經濟微觀基礎的企業，在研發創新方面確實存在一定短板。</p> <p align="justify">　　一些短板的存在有其歷史原因，任何企業的發展都脫離不了中國改革開放和宏觀經濟的發展道路，在40年開放的進程中，中國在承接國外產業轉移過程中形成了一些山寨和模倣創新的慣性，尤其在中國經濟近十幾年的高速增長中，對於規模和速度的追求更佔上風，而創新意識從萌芽到茁壯生長是一個並不短暫的過程，要培育出真正的創新型企業，除了需要時間的灌溉，更需要持續且大量的研發投入。</p> <p align="justify">　　研發投入佔GDP的比重體現了一個國家在創新方面的投入力度。從2014年開始，我國研發經費投入佔GDP的比重已超過2%，這被認為是一個國家進入創新活躍期的時間窗口。近年來，該項比重保持持續上升態勢，至2017年已達到2.12%，超過歐盟15國的平均水準，年研發經費投入總量為1.75萬億元，僅次於美國，居世界第二位。</p> <p align="justify">　　這些數據表明，從國家層面來看，創新氛圍是較為活躍的，正是在此背景下，十九大提出了經濟從高速增長階段轉向高品質發展階段；從微觀來看，近期中金公司發佈的一組數據也明確反映出作為微觀基礎的中國企業在研發投入方面有較大的熱情。以A股上市公司這一中國最優質企業群體為樣本，從規模來看，2017年A股上市公司研發費用共5705億元，其中金融板塊73億元，非金融板塊中主機板、中小板、創業板公司分別為3975億、1142億、515億元；從研發強度來看，相比主機板公司，中小創公司在研發上投入更大；從行業層面看，資訊服務、資訊設備、電子、電氣設備、機械等行業研發費用佔收入比例較高。</p> <p align="justify">　　中金公司在研發強度較大的行業中，按照2008～2012年的研發強度將行業內的個股分為三組，通過對比這三組股票2013～2017年的收入增速發現，絕大多數公司過去5年研發投入的排序與接下來5年收入增速的排序基本一致，2013年以來，高研發強度等權重組合平均每年跑贏低研發強度組合4.9個百分點。這些數字清晰反映出技術創新是企業的生命源泉，研發投入可以不斷築高競爭壁壘，並最終變成企業的財富。</p> <p align="justify">　　可以預見，在新興產業和數字經濟飛速發展的當下，增強創新能力，加大研發投入，將會成為更多企業的共識。當然，自主創新尤其是核心技術創新，對於投入的資金和時間都有極高的要求，儘管我們已經意識到自主創新的重要性，並且開始加大投入，但要真正產生效果還需要很長的時間。因此，看待這個問題既要有久久為功的決心，也要有不期速成的耐心。</p> </div></div> <div class="editor f14">[責任編輯：張亞靜]</div> </div>  <div class="page-number"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(1, 0, "t20180709_12033431", "htm"); </script> </div>  </div>   <div class="content-plus"> <div class="wrap"> <h3 class="zone-desc-content"><span class="format">相關新聞</span></h3> <ul class="list clearfix"> <li class="list-item single-line f14"><a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/econ.taiwan.cn/econ/201807/t20180709_12033423.htm" target="_blank" title="湯森路透：中企跨境並購今年上半年保持較快增長">湯森路透：中企跨境並購今年上半年保持較快增長</a></li> <li class="list-item single-line f14"><a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/econ.taiwan.cn/econ/201807/t20180709_12033420.htm" target="_blank" title="【誰在點亮中國經濟】高品質發展正在穩步邁進">【誰在點亮中國經濟】高品質發展正在穩步邁進</a></li> <li class="list-item single-line f14"><a 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