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<script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{"tag":"share_1","bdSize":32,"bdCustomStyle":"http://ats.taiwan.cn/homepage2021/css/bgBdShare2021.css"}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div> </div> <div id="bdShareBtn"></div> </div>  </div> <div class="contentArea"> <div class=TRS_Editor><p align="justify">　　海洋是地球生命的搖籃，也是人類獲取優質蛋白的“藍色糧倉”。有統計數據顯示，在過去半個多世紀，水產品為全球43億人口提供了近15%的動物蛋白攝入。</p> <p align="justify">　　在我國，海洋漁業更是糧食安全保障體系的重要組成部分，但過去傳統的粗放型生產方式使海域生態受損、環境惡化、資源衰退，急需一種新的生產方式能夠在保護生態、涵養資源的同時，確保海洋漁業持續健康發展。於是，現代海洋牧場應運而生。</p> <p align="justify">　　自2015年底我國首批國家級海洋牧場示範區獲批以來，我國海洋牧場建設事業進入了新的發展階段，2025年將在全國建設178個國家級海洋牧場示範區。近年來，我國海洋牧場建設蓬勃發展，建設理念也不斷深化，由投放人工魚礁和放流資源生物，逐步過渡為改善海域環境和養護漁業資源。如今海洋牧場建設規模不斷擴大，至今已完成64處國家級海洋牧場示範區建設。但實現現代化海洋牧場建設，仍然有諸多問題亟待解決。</p> <p align="justify">　　從本質上來講，漁業仍屬農業領域，“靠天吃飯”是這個行業的“宿命”。遼寧省是我國最早建設海洋牧場的沿海省份，北黃海長山群島已成為現階段我國最大的海洋牧場，2018年初，我國北黃海長山群島出現的大規模扇貝死亡事件與2018年夏季遼寧地區出現的連續高溫致海參大面積死亡事件深刻說明，“望天收”仍是從事漁業領域人員邁不過去的“坎”。</p> <p align="justify">　　開展海洋牧場建設，其一是為了提高某些經濟品種的產量或整個海域的魚類產量，以確保水產資源持續穩健增長；其二是在利用海洋資源的同時重點保護海洋生態系統，實現可持續生態漁業。從總體上看，經過幾十年的發展，在遼寧、山東、浙江、廣東等沿海省份，海洋牧場已經實現規模化產出。但相比于日本等國家較為規範的管理體系與技術手段，我國海洋牧場建設總體上仍處在人工魚礁建設和增殖放流的初級階段。</p> <p align="justify">　　海洋牧場的涵義應用過於寬泛、缺乏統籌規劃和科學論證等宏觀問題突出。沿海地區出現盲目擴張苗頭，部分地區“重頭輕尾”；缺乏技術手段監測，生產風險較大；人才和資金短板凸顯等微觀問題亟待解決。</p> <p align="justify">　　近年來，我國對海洋牧場建設加強了頂層設計：2017年中央一號文件指出，要發展現代化海洋牧場；2018年中央一號文件再次強調“統籌海洋漁業資源開發，科學佈局近遠海養殖和遠洋漁業，建設現代化海洋牧場”。</p> <p align="justify">　　海洋牧場並不“高大上”，與我們每個人息息相關，科學推進海洋牧場建設，保護好海洋資源，促進近海漁業轉型升級符合最廣大人民的根本利益。對待海洋牧場，我們也需像對待大地“母親”一樣，再多一些敬畏。（李金紅邵琨）</p></div> <div 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