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//]]></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/afpmm.alicdn.com/g/mm/afp-cdn/JS/k.js@OldUrl;@JS;http://culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201605/t20160525_11465841.htm_.js"></script>  </div>  <div id="tw_artmain"> <div class="tw_place"><a href="http://103.249.53.35/" target="_self">台灣網</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/" target="_self" title="兩岸文化" class="CurrChnlCls">兩岸文化</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/" target="_self" title="大陸文化看點" class="CurrChnlCls">大陸文化看點</a></div> <h1 class="art_tit">北宋《長安圖》首度補繪唐長安城及山水田園全貌盡顯</h1> <div class="art_time">2016年05月25日 08:48:00 來源：光明日報 <div class="art_font"><div style="float:left;margin-top:-6px;">  <div class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more"></a><a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空間"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="tqq" title="分享到騰訊微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_renren" data-cmd="renren" title="分享到人人網"></a><a href="#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信"></a></div> <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div><div style="float:left;"><a href="javascript:window.print();"><img src="http://ats.taiwan.cn/images/jingmao_34.gif" align="top" /></a>字號：<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="smallFont">小</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="medFont">中</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="largeFont">大</a></div></div> </div> <div class="art_con left"> <div class="art_txt fontsizebox"> <div class=TRS_Editor><p align="center"><img alt="" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201605/W020160525318152312085.jpg" OLDSRC="W020160525318152312085.jpg" /></p> <p class="pictext" align="center">　　西安古城墻資料照片</p> <p align="center"><img alt="" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201605/W020160525318152805331.jpg" OLDSRC="W020160525318152805331.jpg" /></p> <p>　　王樹聲團隊所補繪的北宋呂大防《長安圖》（局部，不含題記）。圖最上部的“補繪宋呂大防長安圖”九個字為吳良鏞先生題寫。圖中深色部分為遺存的原碑殘片和拓片，淺色部分為補繪內容。圖的最下部為城外的山水。資料照片</p> <p>　　唐代的長安城是當時世界上最大的都城，面積達84平方千米，比同期的拜佔庭帝國都城君士坦丁堡大7倍，古羅馬城只有其五分之一大。在古絲綢之路上，唐長安城以氣勢恢宏、承古開新而著稱，北宋名士呂大防曾慕其規劃之精，據前朝遺圖和遺址繪製了石刻《長安圖》，成為我國現存最早的石刻城市地圖。流傳至今，《長安圖》僅存原碑殘塊及一些拓片，不足原圖三分之一。</p> <p>　　近日，西安建築科技大學首次公佈了該校王樹聲團隊在國家自然科學基金支援下，歷經數年首次補繪完整的這幅《長安圖》，唐長安城及城外的山水格局由此得以全貌顯現，中國城市規劃的智慧亦隨之呈現。</p> <p>　　<strong>唐長安城人居環境躍然眼前</strong></p> <p>　　呂大防主持繪製的石刻《長安圖》詳細標注了長安城鼎盛時期的城市佈局。繪刻完成時，距離唐長安城被毀僅僅176年，遺跡尚歷歷在目，是現存最可靠的古代唐長安地圖。日本研究隋唐史的學者妹尾達彥曾評價這幅殘缺的地圖：“無愧於天子之都的，既有秩序又富有活力的城市空間浮現在眼前。”</p> <p>　　然而這幅珍貴的地圖卻“命途多舛”，它在金末毀於戰亂，後有人翻刻拓印，但都不知所蹤。清末時有部分殘塊重見天日，後又遺失。民國時又于西安市小湘子廟街道旁的污泥中發現石碑殘塊，藏于西安市碑林博物館，這便是今人所能目睹的唯一原碑殘塊。</p> <p>　　正因如此，補全這份地圖便意義非凡。多年專注于唐史研究的專家、西北大學教授李健超稱補繪工作“是一項歷史意義和實用價值重大的開創性研究”。</p> <p>　　在王樹聲學術團隊補繪後的《長安圖》中，都城與城郊山水田園共同構成有機整體。城內格局方正端莊，街道筆直寬闊，建築鱗次櫛比，呈現出典型的東方都市氣象。城內大到巍峨壯觀的宮殿、苑囿、坊市、寺觀，小到各坊坊門、庭院園池、漢代遺跡等，均詳細標注呈現。城外則南山屏護，河渠橫貫，良田、寺觀、名園相映，長安人居最富有生機和活力的場面躍然在目。</p> <p>　　據王樹聲介紹，補繪完整後，他們曾嘗試將拼接後的《長安圖》殘片與現今考古勘測的長安城復原圖相疊合，結果是與現代考古勘測基本重合。“這說明瞭北宋時期繪製地圖的方法已經非常科學與準確”。</p> </div> <p class="editor">[責任編輯：楊永青]</p> </div> <div class="page"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(2, 0, "t20160525_11465841", "htm"); 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