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//]]></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/afpmm.alicdn.com/g/mm/afp-cdn/JS/k.js@OldUrl;@JS;http://culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201605/t20160525_11466152.htm_.js"></script>  </div>  <div id="tw_artmain"> <div class="tw_place"><a href="http://103.249.53.35/" target="_self">台灣網</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/" target="_self" title="兩岸文化" class="CurrChnlCls">兩岸文化</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/" target="_self" title="大陸文化看點" class="CurrChnlCls">大陸文化看點</a></div> <h1 class="art_tit">湖北松滋發現距今約8000年人類遺址</h1> <div class="art_time">2016年05月25日 09:55:00 來源：光明日報 <div class="art_font"><div style="float:left;margin-top:-6px;">  <div class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more"></a><a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空間"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="tqq" title="分享到騰訊微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_renren" data-cmd="renren" title="分享到人人網"></a><a href="#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信"></a></div> <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div><div style="float:left;"><a href="javascript:window.print();"><img src="http://ats.taiwan.cn/images/jingmao_34.gif" align="top" /></a>字號：<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="smallFont">小</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="medFont">中</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="largeFont">大</a></div></div> </div> <div class="art_con left"> <div class="art_txt fontsizebox"> <div class=TRS_Editor><p align="center"><img alt="" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201605/W020160525360202466377.jpg" OLDSRC="W020160525360202466377.jpg" /></p> <p class="pictext" align="center">　　松滋關洲遺址資料圖片</p> <p>　　<strong>●松滋人類居住史提前2000年 </strong></p> <p>　　<strong>●長江中游同時期規模最大</strong></p> <p>　　5月19日，湖北省文物考古研究所對外披露，在長江松滋段江心洲，發現距今約8000年的史前遺址——關洲遺址。</p> <p>　　“關洲遺址是目前發現的江漢平原最早階段的新石器時代的文化遺址，也是同時期發現的規模最大的遺址。”湖北省文物考古研究所研究員、考古領隊劉輝興奮地說，“關洲遺址的發現為研究長江中游史前文明化進程提供了非常重要的資料。”隨著越來越多的文物被出土，也讓我們有機會去揭開新石器時代的先民生存狀態的神秘面紗。</p> <p>　　<strong>江心洲，何以引來原始人棲居</strong></p> <p>　　關洲屬於長江江心洲，關洲遺址位於松滋市陳店鎮全心村四組關洲東北部，遺址東西長約500米，南北寬約50米，總面積約25000平方米。</p> <p>　　關洲遺址表面地勢平坦，遺址邊緣因長年受江水沖刷地勢陡峭。走進江心洲，誰也想不到腳下雜草叢生的沙地裏隱藏著新石器時代祖先生活的痕跡。</p> <p>　　2014年3月，松滋市博物館一次水下考古調查時，在北部臨江剖面上發現文化層，並採集到大量的石器和陶片，還有獸骨、燒土塊等遺物。隨後，經過湖北省文物考古研究所專家確認該遺址為新石器時代城背溪文化時期的遺存。2015年11月，湖北省文物考古研究所與松滋市博物館組成考古隊開始對關洲遺址進行考古發掘。</p> <p>　　早在20世紀80年代，松滋市博物館就考古發掘了桂花樹遺址等一系列城背溪文化遺址，但以往發現的城背溪文化遺址大多面積較小，文化層較薄。而此次發現的關洲遺址分佈面積大，文化層堆積較厚，整個遺址文化層厚達10米，共分為11層，新石器時代文化層埋深距地表約7至9米。劉輝介紹，遺址發現有大量獸骨和密整合層分佈的魚骨，同時出土有大量打制石器和少量磨制石器，以及大量原始陶器。</p> <p>　　隨著考古發掘的逐步深入，關洲遺址位於江心的原因也被揭開。考古隊專程請來地質大學專業人士實地勘探，初步認為，關洲遺址在當時應與陸地連在一起，後因長江航道變化，逐漸獨立成一塊江心洲。“其特殊地理位置，給考古工作帶來了不便”，劉輝介紹，遺址無水無電無常住居民，考古工作者只能自帶乾糧，每天撐著小船橫渡長江往返，歷經100多天，終於搶在長江水位上漲淹沒遺址前，完成考古發掘。</p> <p>　　<strong>長江中游史前文明化進程的重要佐證</strong></p> <p>　　關洲遺址出土大量城背溪文化時期的石器、陶器、骨器、魚骨，為我們生動再現了8000年前人類生產、生活、居住等各方面的場景。</p> <p>　　劉輝介紹，以往發現的新石器時代陶器，製作工藝較為原始，陶器類型單一。在關洲遺址發現的陶器品種多樣，有釜、罐、盆、盤、缽、支座等。釜、罐等器表一般飾以粗繩紋，部分圈足盤和缽器表面有磨光的跡象，且部分器形口沿出現慢輪修整痕跡。生產類石器及大量陶器尤其是炊器的發現，說明當時的人類已經處於比較穩定的定居農業階段。結合20世紀80年代上游約8公里的宜都城背溪遺址和枝城北遺址發現的稻穀殼，可知稻作農業已經成為人類食物重要的來源。</p> <p>　　遺址還發現了大量的獸骨和密整合層分佈的魚骨，說明漁獵經濟仍然比較發達，是人類食物來源的重要補充。食物來源的多樣性是人類從漁獵時代向成熟的農耕時代轉變的重要特徵。</p> <p>　　關洲遺址的發現，不僅將松滋有人類居住的歷史至少提前了2000多年，同時也說明松滋在長江中游新石器文化傳播和空間分佈格局的變化中處於非常關鍵的位置。長江中游文化距今8000年來在全國自成體系，一脈相承。</p> <p>　　（本報湖北松滋5月24日電本報記者夏靜本報通訊員汪子怡）</p></div> <p class="editor">[責任編輯：楊永青]</p> </div> <div class="page"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(1, 0, "t20160525_11466152", "htm"); 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