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//]]></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/afpmm.alicdn.com/g/mm/afp-cdn/JS/k.js@OldUrl;@JS;http://culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201605/t20160530_11469764.htm_.js"></script>  </div>  <div id="tw_artmain"> <div class="tw_place"><a href="http://103.249.53.35/" target="_self">台灣網</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/" target="_self" title="兩岸文化" class="CurrChnlCls">兩岸文化</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/" target="_self" title="大陸文化看點" class="CurrChnlCls">大陸文化看點</a></div> <h1 class="art_tit">故宮下藏著元朝皇宮考古正在探秘紫禁城前世</h1> <div class="art_time">2016年05月30日 10:36:00 來源：人民網-人民日報 <div class="art_font"><div style="float:left;margin-top:-6px;">  <div class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more"></a><a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空間"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="tqq" title="分享到騰訊微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_renren" data-cmd="renren" title="分享到人人網"></a><a href="#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信"></a></div> <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div><div style="float:left;"><a href="javascript:window.print();"><img src="http://ats.taiwan.cn/images/jingmao_34.gif" align="top" /></a>字號：<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="smallFont">小</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="medFont">中</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="largeFont">大</a></div></div> </div> <div class="art_con left"> <div class="art_txt fontsizebox"> <div class=TRS_Editor><p align="center"><img alt="" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201605/W020160530382091089652.jpg" OLDSRC="W020160530382091089652.jpg" /></p> <p class="pictext" align="center">　　隆宗門西遺址探溝北壁。</p> <p>　　故宮博物院考古研究所供圖</p> <p>　　“大殿寬廣，足容六千人聚食而有餘，房屋之多，可謂奇觀。此宮壯麗富贍，世人佈置之良，誠無逾於此者。頂上之瓦，皆紅黃綠藍及其他諸色，上涂以釉，光澤燦爛，猶如水晶，致使遠處亦見此宮光輝。”元朝的皇宮，即元大內，在義大利人馬可·波羅的書中令人神往，但這麼多年來，考古學家幾乎沒有在紫禁城中找到任何關於它的蛛絲馬跡。</p> <p>　　日前，故宮博物院考古研究所發佈一組考古成果，其中包括在故宮的隆宗門西發現元代地層及元大內建築物遺存，立刻引發廣泛關注。壯麗富贍的元大內是否就在現存的紫禁城之下？</p> <p>　　元大都宮城位置和中軸線在哪兒，學界一直沒有定論</p> <p>　　故宮是元明清三代的皇宮，關於北京的許多秘密層層疊壓在宮殿之下。</p> <p>　　“元朝在北京的統治時間比較短，不過80多年。元大都至少2/3都已經被疊壓在明清的北京城下，面貌不清。上個世紀60年代，北京城的城市考古開始之後，考古學家結合考古材料與古代的地圖和文獻，逐漸把元大都城墻的位置確定下來，並最終落在了地圖上。”故宮研究院考古研究所所長李季所說的考古學家，正是已故的徐蘋芳先生。</p> <p>　　徐蘋芳先生還對北京城的其他元代遺址進行了考證，確立了元大都幾個重要的坐標基點。比如北海公園，是元大都當時非常重要的中心區域，明清沒有大動過。團城，至今仍保留有大量的元代遺跡。還有阜成門的白塔寺，據說是忽必烈親自選址而建。</p> <p>　　“但還有一個重要的問題一直沒有解決，那就是元代的宮城，也就是元大內在什麼地方，它的中軸線和紫禁城的中軸線是否重合。雖然沒有更多的考古證據，徐蘋芳先生認為兩者是重合的，從景山、地安門到鐘鼓樓一線，動土時都有道路的痕跡。”李季說。</p> <p>　　當然也有其他觀點。目前主要有兩說，一說認為元大內的中軸線要大大地往西，應該就在北海公園。還有的認為在北海與現在的中軸線兩者之間，以故宮的斷虹橋為點。因為斷虹橋石頭的欄板、雕刻的樣式與元代非常相似，很多人認為是元代的原物，它可能是中軸線上的一座橋。但這些都是根據文獻進行推測的，並沒有什麼考古的證據。</p> <p>　　“這些年故宮一直都有動土，每一次動土也都有古建部的人在現場勘看記錄，但之前在紫禁城範圍內始終沒有發現任何的、可以確認的元代遺存。”李季說。</p> </div> <p class="editor">[責任編輯：楊永青]</p> </div> <div class="page"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(2, 0, "t20160530_11469764", "htm"); 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