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//]]></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/afpmm.alicdn.com/g/mm/afp-cdn/JS/k.js@OldUrl;@JS;http://culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201703/t20170315_11723612.htm_.js"></script>  </div>  <div id="tw_artmain"> <div class="tw_place"><a href="http://103.249.53.35/" target="_self">台灣網</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/" target="_self" title="兩岸文化" class="CurrChnlCls">兩岸文化</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/" target="_self" title="資訊" class="CurrChnlCls">資訊</a></div> <h1 class="art_tit">湖北發現清朝“買官收據” 憑證先讀書再入仕途</h1> <div class="art_time">2017年03月15日 14:49:50 來源：中國新聞網 <div class="art_font"><div style="float:left;margin-top:-6px;">  <div class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more"></a><a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空間"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="tqq" title="分享到騰訊微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_renren" data-cmd="renren" title="分享到人人網"></a><a href="#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信"></a></div> <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div><div style="float:left;"><a href="javascript:window.print();"><img src="http://ats.taiwan.cn/images/jingmao_34.gif" align="top" /></a>字號：<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="smallFont">小</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="medFont">中</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="largeFont">大</a></div></div> </div> <div class="art_con left"> <div class="art_txt fontsizebox"> <div class=TRS_Editor><p align="center"><img alt="湖北發現清朝“買官收據”憑證先讀書再入仕途" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201703/W020170315533902021980.jpg" OLDSRC="W020170315533902021980.jpg" /></p> <p class="pictext" align="center">　　趙先生家中收藏的“正實收”收執　趙開洪　攝</p> <p>　　3月14日，在湖北長陽土家族自治縣，市民趙先生在家中發現一份清宣統元年(1909年)的“正實收”收執。憑著這張“買官收據”，趙先生祖上的秀才趙文菴可先入國子監讀書，再入仕途做官。</p> <p>　　趙先生介紹，這張“買官收據”是他在整理家譜時意外發現。經測量，該收執長58釐米，寬28釐米，為棉紙質地，正上方有“正實收”三個大字。內中文字排列整齊，清晰易辨，詳細記載了趙文菴給湖北災區捐款的緣由、銀兩等內容。</p> <p>　　該“正實收”記載，光緒三十二年七月，湖北多地遭受水災，災民缺衣少糧。湖北籌辦賑捐總局“按照四川、山東、湖南等省開辦賑捐所有虛銜”，接受了趙文菴捐出的白銀四十三兩二錢。其落款時間為宣統元年十月初八，由河南候補道黃勸辦所發。</p> <p>　　記者看到，該“正實收”分為存根和正頁，且蓋了騎縫印，上面註明了買者籍貫及曾祖父、祖父、父親三代的姓名。按“正實收”上所寫，趙文菴時年28歲，他以秀才捐監生，獲得進入清朝最高學府國子監讀書的資格，再由此步入仕途。</p> <p>　　長陽縣檔案館紀委書記覃幹介紹，清朝中後期，由於戰爭不斷，內外交困，清政府財政空虛，買官賣官被當做增加財政收入的一個重要手段。至光緒、宣統年間，清政府為了“薄利多銷”，甚至將官位打折出售，進行監生、吏典的買賣。</p> <p>　　覃幹表示，因為清末買官的人很多，為避免有些官員中飽私囊，清政府統一印製了收據，將有關規定和所捐銀兩數量寫上，這個“買官收據”就被稱為“正實收”。“‘正實收’對了解當時的歷史，特別是研究當時的吏制有其重要的價值。”覃幹說。</p></div> <p class="editor">[責任編輯：楊永青]</p> </div> <div class="page"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(1, 0, "t20170315_11723612", "htm"); 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