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<p>　　2012至2021年，全國小學凈入學率從99.85%提高到99.9%以上，初中階段毛入學率始終保持在100%以上。義務教育階段建檔立卡脫貧家庭學生輟學實現動態清零，長期存在的輟學問題得到歷史性解決。同時，連續實施特殊教育提升計劃，切實保障殘疾兒童少年平等接受教育權利，適齡殘疾兒童義務教育入學率超過95%。2021年，全國共有特殊教育在校生92.0萬人，比2012年增加54.1萬人，增長142.8%。</p> <p>　　——經費保障機制不斷健全。</p> <p>　　2012至2021年，小學生均經費支出從每生每年7447元增至14458元，初中生均經費支出從每生每年10218元增至20717元。“兩免一補”（免除學雜費、免費提供教科書，為家庭經濟困難學生發放生活補助）實現城鄉學生全覆蓋。家庭經濟困難學生基本實現應助盡助，營養改善計劃每年惠及3700萬名農村學生。</p> <p>　　同時，堅持補短板、兜底線，實施“全面改善貧困地區義務教育薄弱學校基本辦學條件”等重大項目，中央財政累計投入4000多億元，帶動地方投入超1萬億元，著力解決“鄉村弱、城鎮擠”問題，縮小城鄉學校辦學條件差距。</p> <p>　　——教師隊伍素質顯著提高。</p> <p>　　10年來，義務教育專任教師總數從909萬增至1057萬，增加了148萬人，本科以上學歷教師佔比由47.6%提高至77.7%。健全教師培養補充機制，通過多種渠道為中西部農村補充大量優質師資。建立教師交流輪崗制度，推動優秀骨幹教師向農村和薄弱學校流動。強化能力素質培訓，“國培計劃”累計培訓校長教師超過1700萬人次。</p></div> <div class="editor f14">[責任編輯：李丹]</div> </div>  <div class="page-number"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(1, 0, "t20220708_12450505", "htm"); </script> </div>  </div>   <div class="content-plus"> <div class="wrap"> <h3 class="zone-desc-content"><span class="format">相關新聞</span></h3> 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