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//]]></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/afpmm.alicdn.com/g/mm/afp-cdn/JS/k.js@OldUrl;@JS;http://culture.taiwan.cn/spot/201709/t20170914_11842607.htm_.js"></script>  </div>  <div id="tw_artmain"> <div class="tw_place"><a href="http://103.249.53.35/" target="_self">台灣網</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/" target="_self" title="兩岸文化" class="CurrChnlCls">兩岸文化</a> > <a href="http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/culture.taiwan.cn/spot/" target="_self" title="資訊" class="CurrChnlCls">資訊</a></div> <h1 class="art_tit">山西長子傳承千年打擊樂器製作技藝每年敲打出5000萬收入</h1> <div class="art_time">2017年09月14日 08:41:38 來源：中國新聞網 <div class="art_font"><div style="float:left;margin-top:-6px;">  <div class="bdsharebuttonbox"><a href="#" class="bds_more" data-cmd="more"></a><a href="#" class="bds_qzone" data-cmd="qzone" title="分享到QQ空間"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tsina" data-cmd="tsina" title="分享到新浪微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_tqq" data-cmd="tqq" title="分享到騰訊微博"></a><a href="#" class="bds_renren" data-cmd="renren" title="分享到人人網"></a><a href="#" class="bds_weixin" data-cmd="weixin" title="分享到微信"></a></div> <script>window._bd_share_config={"common":{"bdSnsKey":{},"bdText":"","bdMini":"2","bdMiniList":false,"bdPic":"","bdStyle":"0","bdSize":"16"},"share":{}};with(document)0[(getElementsByTagName('head')[0]||body).appendChild(createElement('script')).src='http://103.249.53.35/gate/big5/bdimg.share.baidu.com/static/api/js/share.js?v=89860593.js?cdnversion='+~(-new Date()/36e5)];</script>  </div><div style="float:left;"><a href="javascript:window.print();"><img src="http://ats.taiwan.cn/images/jingmao_34.gif" align="top" /></a>字號：<a href="javascript:void(0);" class="smallFont">小</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="medFont">中</a> <a href="javascript:void(0);" class="largeFont">大</a></div></div> </div> <div class="art_con left"> <div class="art_txt fontsizebox"> <div class=TRS_Editor><p align="justify">　　中新網太原9月13日電 (李新鎖王維寧)在山西省長治市長子縣，一項從唐代流傳至今的中國傳統打擊樂製作技藝——長子縣西南呈村響銅樂器歷經滄桑，仍經久不衰。目前，長子縣響銅樂器年銷售收入達5000多萬元。</p> <p align="justify">　　不久前，在山西太原舉辦的第三屆山西文化產業博覽交易會上，一面直徑達2米的銅鑼吸引了眾多參觀者的注意。過往參觀者在讚嘆它“又大又圓，震威四方”的同時，忍不住好奇敲打兩下。鑼錘落地，鑼聲響起——音色純正、音韻悠長。這面銅鑼來自於山西省長子縣南漳鎮西南呈村。</p> <p align="justify">　　據介紹，長子縣西南呈村的銅樂器生產由來已久，距今已有1300多年曆史，素有“北方銅樂器之鄉”的美譽。據考證，早在唐貞觀元年(西元627年)，在今長子縣西南呈村所在區域範圍內的手工銅業作坊製作的響銅樂器就名滿天下。至明清，銅樂器手工業加工有更大發展。</p> <p align="justify">　　長子縣文化館負責人介紹說，長子銅樂器與地方戲劇、宗教音樂關係密切，適合於晉劇、京劇、評劇、梆子腔等戲曲和道教、佛教音樂伴奏。</p> <p align="justify">　　此外，源於西漢時期的上黨樂戶吹打樂、以打擊樂吹奏樂為主的上黨八音會、明末清初以來經久不衰的上黨梆子、民間鬧戲以及各地鼓書、秧歌、道情等地方曲藝的盛行，促使了銅樂器的生產發展。</p> <p align="justify">　　據介紹，在長子和長治兩縣交界地帶，寺院繁多。一些較大的寺院都有寺廟音樂，供奉神佛時打擊、吹奏並舉，顯然少不了響銅樂器。長子響銅樂器製作是典型的民間手工技藝，尤其是“千錘打鑼，一錘定音”的定音技術，更是躋身第二批國家級非物質文化遺產。</p> <p align="justify">　　響銅樂器非物質文化遺產傳承人、玖興爐響銅樂器廠負責人閆改好介紹說，銅樂器製作是典型的漢族傳統手工技藝，原料以銅、錫為主，製作過程繁瑣而複雜。</p> <p align="justify">　　其間，製作匠人要操作配料鑄胚、高溫鍛打、熱壓成型、熱處理、冷整形、拋光和定音七道工序，其中最關鍵的是鍛打和定音兩個環節，尤其是最後的定音工序。</p> <p align="justify">　　閆改好表示，一個好的定音匠人必須有絕好的耳音、樂感，還要有過硬的臂力和手腕功夫，並且熟悉各種戲劇的曲調，有豐富的樂理知識。製作一面合格的銅鑼，往往需要上萬次錘擊。在定音時候，通過錘擊可以調節音高音低，直至音準合格。所謂“千錘打鑼，一錘定音”，即此理也。</p> <p align="justify">　　據了解，上世紀80年代初，長子縣西南呈村有生產廠家18家，90年代後受市場競爭影響，開始強強聯合。2003年，其中9家共同出資30多萬元組建了長子縣西南呈銅樂器廠，後改名為玖興爐響銅樂器廠。目前已成為全國三大響銅樂器生產企業之一。</p> <p align="justify">　　目前，當地主要生產虎音鑼、蘇鑼、武鑼、中音手鑼、雲鑼、大中小京镲、鐃、鈸等10個大類300多個品種。其中，抄鑼、京釵、威風鑼等廣受讚譽，晉劇馬鑼更是他們獨家生產。</p> <p align="justify">　　據介紹，長子當地出產的響銅樂器覆蓋中國各省市，並轉口日本、東南亞等地，佔到全國市場份額70%以上。在當地工匠的敲敲打打中，這項非遺項目每年為當地帶來5000多萬元的銷售收入。(完)</p></div> <p class="editor">[責任編輯：楊永青]</p> </div> <div class="page"> <script type="text/javascript"> createPageHTML(1, 0, "t20170914_11842607", "htm"); 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